Guan Ping (关平) adalah seorang jenderal dibawah neara Shu, pada saat jaman Kisah Tiga Kerajaan (Sam Kok). Ayah asli Guan Ping adalah Guan Ding, dia adalah anak kedua dari Guan Ding. Pertama kali bertemu dengan Guan Yu, ketika pasukan Liu Bei yang dipimping oleh Jenderal Guan Yu melewati 5 Pintu (Gerbang) dari kejaran tentara Cao Cao dalam rangka mencari kakak angkatnya Liu Bei.
Guan Ping diangkat angkat anak oleh Jenderal Guan Yu, karena terkesan saat pertemuan pertama mereka, dan berada dibawah pimpinan Liu Bei, jaman Dinasti Han Timur. Karir militernya mulai terlihat ketika mengawal Liu Bei dalam pertempuran di Chibi. Dan juga bersama dengan ayahnya dalam menggempur pasukan Cao Cao. Ahli strategi Zhugeliang selalu menempatkan Guan Ping mengawal Liu Bei, dan akhirnya membantu ayah angkatnya menjaga kota Shui.
Dia terakhir ikut terbunuh, ketika menjaga kota Maicheng (麦城), sebelah tenggara kota Dangyang Hubei) by atas serangan Sun Quan tahun 220. Mereka dipenggal kepalanya dikota Linju (臨沮; sekarang di distrik Nanzhang County, Xiangyang, Hubei) Tiongkok.
Kisah kepahlawanan Guan Ping yang membela ayah angkatnya sampai saat dikepung musuh, membuat Jenderal Guan Ping dijadikan Dewa Peperangan yang setia membela ayahnya hingga saat mangkat di dalam peperangan. Konon versi lain, Jenderal Guan Ping bunuh diri ketika melihat ayahnya dipenggal oleh Jenderal Sun Quan pada saat pertempuran di Maicheng.
Dalam Taoisme
Jenderal Guan Ping selalu disemayamkan bersama Jenderal Guan Yu disebelah kanan membawa cap kerajaan. Karena Guan Yu diberi gelar Paduka Raja Muda Shanxi (Putra Shanxi), dan disebelah diapit oleh Jenderal Zhou Cang (Liao Hua), yang kedua nya jenderal / panglima yang setia membantu Jenderal Guan Yu didalam peperangan Dinasti Han Timur.
Rupang Guan Ping digambarkan sebagai Jenderal muda dengan wajah putih rupawan, lalu Jenderal Zhou Cang berperawakan gelap dan garang, sedangkan Dewa Guan Yu berwajah merah. Dan sering terlihat yang memuja Dewa Guan Yu.
Di Indonesia
Kelenteng yang memuja Dewa Guan Yu biasanya memuja Dewa Guan Ping, antara lain
JAKARTA
1. Kelenteng Satria Dharma, Lam Ceng, Patekoan
2. Kelenteng Satya Dharma, Pluit, Jakarta Utara
MEDAN
Kelenteng Kwan Tee Koen Bio, Irian Barat, Medan
BANDUNG
Kelenteng Satya Dharma, Jl. Kelenteng, Bandung
TUBAN
TITD Kwan Seng Tee Koen, Tuban, Jawa Timur
MAKASSAR
Kelenteng Kwan Seng Tee Koen, Makassar
MANADO
TITD Kwan Seng Tee Koen, Kampung Cina, Manado
In English
Guan Ping (关平)
General of Liu Bei
Died220
Traditional Chinese關平
Simplified Chinese关平
PinyinGuān Píng
Wade–GilesKuan P'ing
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan.
Guan Ping (died 220)[1] was a military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He was the eldest son of Guan Yu. Little about him is documented in historical records except that he was captured along with his father west of Maicheng (麦城, southeast of present-day Dangyang, Hubei) by the forces of Sun Quan in 220. They were executed in Linju (臨沮; in present-day Nanzhang County, Xiangyang, Hubei) later.[2]
Since the deification of Guan Yu in the Sui dynasty, Guan Ping and Zhou Cang (sometimes including Liao Hua) would often appear at the sides of Guan Yu in statues placed in temples and shrines. In portraits, the trio would often appear together as well. Guan Ping's face is traditionally painted white, is a stark contrast to Zhou Cang's coal black complexion, while Guan Yu's tends to be shades of red.
In fiction
Guan Ping appears in the 14th century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong. He is the second son of Guan Ding (關定), a farmer. His elder brother is Guan Ning (關寧). Guan Yu encounters Guan Ding and his family during his journey across five passes to find Liu Bei. He is so impressed with Guan Ping on first sight that he accepts him as his foster son. During the Battle of Runan, Guan Ping, Guan Yu and Zhou Cang lead 300 men to rescue Liu Bei, who is under attack by Cao Cao's general Zhang He.
Guan Ping participates in some of Liu Bei's subsequent military exploits, including the Battle of Bowang against Cao Cao's general Xiahou Dun, and the Yi Province campaign against Liu Zhang. Later, he is relocated to Jing Province to join his foster father in defending Liu Bei's territories in Jing Province. In 219, Guan Ping follows Guan Yu to the Battle of Fancheng and scores some initial victories over Cao Cao's forces, including flooding seven enemy armies. However, in the meantime, Sun Quan (Liu Bei's ally) secretly breaks the alliance and sends his general Lü Meng to attack and conquer Jing Province in a stealth invasion. Guan Yu is completely caught off guard and eventually isolated in Maicheng with a fraction of his remaining forces. While trying to break out of the siege, Guan Yu and Guan Ping are captured in an ambush by Sun Quan's forces. Sun Quan tries to persuade them to surrender, but they refuse so Sun has them executed.
Modern references
Guan Ping appears as a playable character in Koei's Dynasty Warriors and Warriors Orochi video game series.
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